mix侧重混合物或多或少保持原来的形状、性能等；blend则意味着和谐。 combine指“组合，结合”，强调事物紧密地结合在一起但又各自保留原有性质并可以分离。
merge是（使）合并，（使）并入的意思
blend mix mingle integrate combine的区别
1. blend 指“将各种茶、烟草、酒等混在一起或将一种东西一点点地溶于另一种中, 便成为所需求的混合物, 其中各成分不复单独存在, 而此混合物却具有各成分的性质”, 侧重“整体的统一性”, 如: You must blend the flour and eggs and sugar together before you make cakes. 先要把面粉、鸡蛋和糖和在一起,才好制作蛋糕。 2. mix 指“两种或两种以上东西混在一起成一混合物, 其中各成分混得很均匀, 很难分开, 但多少仍保持原来的性能等”, 如: You mix flour, yeast and water to make bread. 你把面粉、发酵粉和水和在一起就能做面包。 3.mingle指“把东西混合在一起, 但各成分还能区别出来”, 如: mingled feelings of joy and sorrow 悲喜交加。 4.integrate指\"把所有部分放在一起而成一整体\" , 如: Many suggestions are needed to integrate the plan. 需要许多建议使计划更加完整。 5.combine是指把两项或多项内容合并起来,如: The two small shops combined to make a large one. 这两个小店合并起来成为一个大商店
55. while
during the time that something is happening They arrived while we were having dinner. While she was asleep, thieves broke in and stole her handbag.
She met Andy while working on a production of Carmen. see usage note during
all the time that something is happening
Would you look after the children while I do the shopping?
used to emphasize the difference between two situations, activities etc
Schools in the north tend to be better equipped, while those in the south are relatively poor.
in spite of the fact that(used at the beginning of a
sentence) although; in spite of the fact that ...: While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.
= although
While never a big eater, he did snack a lot. While there was no conclusive evidence, most people thought he was guilty. while I'm/you're etc at/about it
spoken used to suggest that someone should do something at the same time that they do something else
Print out what you've written, and while you're at it make a copy for me.
56.hope
hope1
to want something to happen or be true and to believe that it is possible or likely hope (that)
We hope that more women will decide to join the course. I do hope everything goes well.
It was hoped that the job would be filled by a local person. Let's just hope someone finds her bag.
I hope to God I haven't left the car window open. hope to do sth
Joan's hoping to study law at Harvard. hope for
We were hoping for good weather.
Liam decided to ignore the warning and just hope for the best (=hope that a situation will end well when there is a risk of things going wrong) .
I rang my parents, hoping against hope (=hoping for something that is very unlikely to happen or be true) that they hadn't left yet. I hope so
spoken used to say that you hope something that has been mentioned happens or is true 'Do we get paid this week?' 'I certainly hope so!' I hope not
spoken used to say that you hope something that has been mentioned does not happen or is not true
I don't think I'm busy that day, or at least I hope not. I'm hoping
spoken used to say that you hope something will happen, especially because you are depending on it I'm hoping (that)
I'm hoping the car will be fixed by Friday. I'm hoping to do sth
We were hoping to see you today. I hope (that)
spoken used when you want to be polite and to make sure that you are not interrupting or offending someone
I hope I'm not interrupting you.
I hope you don't mind me asking, but why are you moving? I should hope so (too)/I should hope not
BrE spoken used to say that you feel very strongly that something should or should not happen
'They'll get their money back.' 'I should hope so too, after being treated like that.' see usage note wish 1
HINT sense 1
Do not say that you 'hope something would happen'. Say that you hope something will happen: I hope the weather will be nice (NOT I hope the weather would be nice).
hope和wish的用法
两词都表示\"希望\"，但在用法上有相同和不同之处，不能随意互换。 一、相同之处
1.都可接不定式作宾语。 We wish to see the film.
The children hope to do something for the old man.
2.都能以某些代词作宾语。 That's what you have wished.
You can't hope much from such people.
3.都能与介词for连用，后接名词或某些不定代词，表示\"希望得到\"\"祈求\"。 Do you hope for peace?
Do you wish for anything better?
4.都可与过去过完成时连用，表示本来想做而没做成。 I had hoped to come here, but I couldn't.
He had wished to finish it on time, but he didn't.
5.都用于It is / was to be…that的句型中。
It is to be hoped that she will get full marks in English. It is to be wished that the problem will soon be solved.
二、不同之处
1. wish作为及物动词，可接名词或代词作宾语，hope则不能。 Do you wish a pen or a book?
2. wish能接双宾语表示祝愿，hope则不能。 I wish you success.
3. wish能接复合宾语，hope则不能。 I wish you to go with me.
4. wish和hope都能接that引导的从句，但wish后的从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气（动词用过去时，或过去完成时），hope则用所需要的时态。 I hope that he will win the game. I wish that I knew the answer. I wish I had bought it yesterday.
5. hope可与so或not连用，分别代替一个具有肯定和否定意义的宾语从句，以免重复，wish则不能。
-Will it be fine tomorrow? -I hope so.
-Will it rain tomorrow? -I hope not.
三、wish, hope都可作名词，可数或不可数均可，wish表示\"愿望\"\"心愿\"\"祝愿\"，hope表示\"希望\"。
1. My wish is to become a doctor.
2. It is said that they have realized their wishes. 3. I have no (not much) wish to see him. 4. Send him my best wishes.
5. Where there is life there is hope. 6. There is a hope of success.
7. He has some hope (s) of success. 65
solely, only这两个单词就语法上来说，only既可以做形容词（adj.）也可以做副词（adv.），而solely只能做副词（adv.）。 [例]
1.She is my only friend.
2.She is my sole friend.（sole是solely同一意义下的形容词形态。）
就意义上来说，sole和only在表达“唯一的”、“唯独的”这些含义时，sole感情更加强烈，更有表达“除此别无其他”这层含义。
solely词性为副词 adv. 单独地，唯一地
I did it solely for his sake . 我完全为了他才做那件事。
only词性比较多
adv. 只，仅仅；不料
No , sir , only when it rains . 不，先生，下雨的时候才漏。
adj. 唯一的，仅有的；最合适的
they resist change , or they utilize it for their one and only aim . 她们抵制改变，要么利用改变来达到她们唯一的，仅有的目的。 conj. 但是；不过；可是
single [ˈsiŋgəl]
a.单一的；独身的 n.单程票[ pl.]单打
45天，她让你牢记8500个单词 为什么？好老师都在用批改网！ 摄影专用 EXIF/GPS/IPTC 查看器
single 1
sin·gle1 W1S2 /ˈsɪŋgəl/ adj
1【one】
2 every single 3 not a single
4 the single biggest/greatest etc 5【not married】 6 single bed/room etc 7【ticket】
[Date: 1200-1300; Language: Old French; Origin: Latin singulus] 【ONE】 [only before noun]
only one
A single tree gave shade from the sun. They won the game by a single point.
the highest price ever paid for a single work of art a single-sex school (=one for only boys or girls) every single
used to emphasize that you are talking about every person or thing Don't write down every single word I say. He works every single day. not a single
no people or things at all
The plane was brought down safely and not a single passenger was killed. We didn't get a single reply to the advertisement. the single biggest/greatest etc
used to emphasize that you are talking about the one thing that is the biggest, greatest etc Cigarette smoking is the single most important cause of lung cancer. Tourism is the country's single biggest earner. 【NOT MARRIED】 not married, or not involved in a romantic relationship with anyone The changes in tax rates will benefit single people the most. Is he single?
single bed/room etc
a bed, room etc that is meant to be used by one person only You have to pay extra for a single room. 【TICKET】
BrE a single ticket etc is for a trip from one place to another but not back again
= one-way
→return, round-trip round-trip
single 2 single2 n [C]
1【music】 2【sport】 3【tennis】
4【not married】 5【ticket】 6【money】 7【room】
【MUSIC】
a CD that has only one song on it, not a number of songs, or a song which is sold in this way
Have you heard their latest single? 【SPORT】 a) one run 2 in a game of cricket
b) a hit that allows the person who is hitting the ball to reach first base in a game of baseball
【TENNIS】 singles[U]
a game, especially in tennis, in which one person plays on their own against another person
I prefer playing singles .
Who won the women's singles? →doubles at double 2 (3) 【NOT MARRIED】 singles [plural]
people who are not married and are not involved in a romantic relationship with anyone The show is especially popular among young singles. a singles night at the club 【TICKET】
BrE a ticket for a trip from one place to another but not back again
→return
A single to Oxford, please.
【MONEY】
AmE a piece of paper money worth one dollar Anybody have five singles?
【ROOM】
a room in a hotel for just one person
I'm afraid we haven't got any singles available.
single 3 single3 v
single out [single sb/sth⇔out] phr v
to choose one person or thing from among a group because they are better, worse, more important etc than the others
single somebody/something⇔out for
I don't see why he should be singled out for special treatment. single somebody/something⇔out as
One programme was singled out as being particularly good.
single
adjective, noun, verb adjective one
[only before noun] only one: He sent her a single red rose. ◆ a single-sex school (= for boys only or for girls only) ◆ All these jobs can now be done by one single machine. ◆ I couldn't understand a single word she said! ◆ the European single currency, the euro ◆ (BrE) a single honours degree (= for which you study only one subject) for emphasis
[only before noun] used to emphasize that you are referring to one particular person or thing on its own: Unemployment is the single most important factor in the growing crime rates. ◆ We eat rice every single day!
not married
(of a person) not married or having a romantic relationship with sb: The apartments are ideal for single people living alone. ◆ Are you still single?
See also SINGLE PARENT for one person
[only before noun] intended to be used by only one person: a single bed / room ◆ a single sheet (= large enough for a single bed) Compare: DOUBLE adj. (3) ticket
[only before noun] (BrE) (also one-way AmE, BrE) a single ticket, etc. can be used for travelling to a place but not back again: a single ticket ◆ How much is the single fare to Glasgow?
Compare: RETURN n. (7)
Idioms see FILE n., GLANCE n. noun ticket
[C] (BrE) a ticket that allows you to travel to a place but not back again: How much is a single to York?
Compare: RETURN n. (7) tape / cd
[C] a tape, CD, etc. with only one song on each side; the main song on this tape or CD:
The group releases its new single next week. Compare: ALBUM room
[C] a room in a hotel, etc. for one person: Singles are available from £40 per night. Compare: DOUBLE n. (5) unmarried people
(singles) [pl.] people who are not married and do not have a romantic relationship with sb else: They organize parties for singles. ◆ a singles bar / club
in sport
(singles) [U] (especially in tennis) a game when only one player plays against one other; a series of two or more of these games: the women's singles champion ◆ the first round of the men's singles ◆ a singles match ◆ She's won three singles titles this year. Compare: DOUBLES n. (6)
[C] (in cricket) a hit from which a player scores one RUN (= point) (in baseball) a hit that only allows the player to run to FIRST BASE verb
Phrasal Verbs: single sb/sth<->out (for sth / as sb/sth) to choose sb/sth from a group for special attention: She was singled out for criticism. ◆ He was singled out as the outstanding performer of the games
70. break up,break through
break up phr v
if something breaks up, or if you break it up, it breaks into a lot of small pieces It seems that the plane just broke up in the air. break sth⇔up
Use a fork to break up the soil.
break sth⇔up
to separate something into several smaller parts
There are plans to break the company up into several smaller independent companies. You need a few trees and bushes to break up the lawn. break sth⇔up to stop a fight
Three policemen were needed to break up the fight. break sth⇔up
to make people leave a place where they have been meeting or protesting
Government soldiers broke up the demonstration . Police moved in to break up the meeting .
if a marriage, group of people, or relationship breaks up, the people in it separate and do not live or work together any more
He lost his job and his marriage broke up . The couple broke up last year.
Many bands break up because of personality clashes between the musicians. break up with
Has Sam really broken up with Lucy? → breakup
if a meeting or party breaks up, people start to leave The party didn't break up until after midnight. The meeting broke up without any agreement. BrE when a school breaks up, it closes for a holiday School breaks up next week. break through phr v break through (sth)
to manage to get past or through something that is in your way
Several demonstrators broke through the barriers despite warnings from the police. After hours of fierce fighting, rebels broke through and captured the capital. break through (sth)
if the sun breaks through, you can see it when you could not see it before because there were clouds
The sun broke through at around lunch time. The sun soon broke through the mist.
to manage to do something successfully when there is a difficulty that is preventing you He's a very talented young actor who's just ready to break through. break through into
It is possible that at this election some of the minority parties might succeed in breaking through into parliament. 第二套
33. trend tendency
tendency指人或物天生固有的倾向，也指事物发展的趋势；
trend是指某物沿着一条不规则或迂回的路线发展时所保持的总的方向。
或者说tendency是指呈现出的趋向,包括人的意愿,事物的表现/变化运动的趋势,也包括真正的角度的变化;trend多指较大,较为明显的趋势和方向,如时代/潮流发展的趋势.
但是trend强调一种趋势，是客观的；而tendency强调一种倾向，是主观的。
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容